Abstract
Suitability of using limited additions of three solid waste by-products; homra (H), granulated slag (GS) and fly ash (FA), with Egyptian clay, belonging to Dakhla formation in south western desert, in the conventional red brick batches fired at different temperatures was assessed in comparison with a blank batch. The results showed that as the firing temperature increases, the densification parameters as well as the mechanical properties are improved. Fired brick bodies, containing 10% (FA), exhibit higher densification and mechanical properties at all firing temperatures than those of the other batches. The firing shrinkage was also increased slightly between 750 to 800 °C and sharply from 850 to 950 °C. The XRD and EDAX analyses illustrate that during firing, the main clay constituents of the brick batch react with those of the FA, GS and H additions, forming calcium-rich silicate phases.
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